Oncologists and cancer care professionals are all too familiar with the devastating impact of chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) on patients. In Australia, where over 150,000 new cancer cases were estimated for 2021 [1], many patients face not only the challenge of fighting cancer but also the prospect of losing their hair during treatment. However, innovations in scalp cooling technology are offering new hope for patients at risk of hair loss during chemotherapy.
The Impact of Hair Loss on Cancer Patients
Hair loss is often cited as one of the most distressing side effects of cancer treatment. For many patients, their hair is a significant part of their identity. Chemotherapy-induced alopecia can be an unwelcome reminder of their disease, negatively affecting self-image, confidence, and overall well-being. It can even impact a patient’s attitude towards treatment.
Introducing Scalp Cooling: A Proven Approach
Scalp cooling is a proven method to reduce chemotherapy-induced alopecia that has been used successfully by thousands of patients worldwide for decades. One such system available in Australia through Aurora BioScience is the DigniCap Scalp Cooling System.
How Does Scalp Cooling Work?
Scalp cooling works through two primary physiological reactions:
- Reduced blood flow: Vasoconstriction in the scalp area limits the amount of chemotherapy agent delivered to the hair follicles.
- Reduced metabolism: Lower scalp temperature decreases the reaction rate, dramatically slowing normal cellular activity in the localised scalp area.
These reactions result in the hair follicles absorbing fewer chemotherapy agents, significantly reducing hair loss.
The DigniCap Scalp Cooling System: Evidence of Effectiveness
Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the DigniCap Scalp Cooling System:
- A 2019 study published in the Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing [2] found:
- 84% success rate (less than 50% hair loss) in breast cancer patients
- 79% success rate in patients with other cancers (gynaecologic, gastric, lung)
- 64% of patients on anthracycline-containing treatment regimens experienced minimal hair loss
- An Italian study published in the British Journal of Cancer in 2019 [3] showed:
- 43% of breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy prevented significant hair loss
- Among patients who continued treatment, the success rate was 54%
- No development of scalp metastases after a mean follow-up of 2.4 years
Scalp Cooling in the Australian Context
While specific data on scalp cooling use in Australia is limited, the technology is gaining traction. The Medical Services Advisory Committee (MSAC) has recognised the potential benefits of scalp cooling, recommending public funding for the service in 2021 [4]. This recommendation could make scalp cooling more accessible to Australian cancer patients in the future.
Several major cancer centres across Australia, including centres in Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane, now offer scalp cooling services. As awareness grows, more facilities are likely to adopt this technology.
When deciding if scalp cooling is appropriate, consider the following:
- Eligibility: While many patients can benefit from scalp cooling, it may not be suitable for all. Discuss individual circumstances and treatment plans.
- Treatment duration: Scalp cooling extends treatment time. Ensure patients understand the additional time commitment.
- Effectiveness: While results are promising, scalp cooling doesn’t guarantee complete prevention of hair loss. Set realistic expectations.
- Cost: Until public funding is widely available, costs may be a consideration for some patients. Think about potential financial implications.
Within the oncology field, everybody strives to provide the best possible care for patients, addressing not just the cancer itself but also the side effects of treatment. Scalp cooling technology offers a promising option for preserving patients’ dignity and self-esteem during their cancer journey.
By staying informed about innovations like the DigniCap Scalp Cooling System, patients can receive more comprehensive care, helping them maintain a sense of normalcy and control during a challenging time in their lives.
References:
- Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2021). Cancer in Australia 2021. Canberra: AIHW.
- Heery, M., et al. (2019). Scalp Cooling: Implementing a Cold Cap Program at a Community Breast Health Center. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 23(3), 237-241.
- Munzone, E., et al. (2019). Preventing chemotherapy-induced alopecia: a prospective clinical trial on the efficacy and safety of a scalp-cooling system in early breast cancer patients treated with anthracyclines. British Journal of Cancer, 121, 325-331.
- Medical Services Advisory Committee. (2021). Public Summary Document – Application No. 1579 – Scalp cooling to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia. Australian Government Department of Health.